Cervical cancer develops slowly. It starts as a pre-cancerous condition called dysplasia. This can be detected by a test known as a pap smear, which is 100% curable. Almost all cervical cancers are caused by a virus called Human papillomavirus (HPV) that is spread through sexual intercourse.
CERVICAL CANCER (CANCER OF THE MOUTH OF THE UTERUS)
- This is the 3rd most common cancer in women.
- 88% of cervical cancer deaths occur in Asia.
- Claims 8 women in every waking hour in India
- But it is the most preventable form of cancer in women
Cervical cancer develops slowly. It starts as a pre-cancerous condition called dysplasia. This can be detected by a test known as a pap smear, which is 100% curable. Almost all cervical cancers are caused by a virus called Human papillomavirus (HPV) that is spread through sexual intercourse.
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
- Early cancer may have no signs or symptoms but could be detected by pap smear or colposcopy.
- Vaginal bleeding after intercourse/ after menopause
- Irregular bleeding patterns
- Abnormal vaginal discharge (pale/watery/bloody/foul-smelling etc.)
- Advanced cases (backache, fatigue, weight loss, etc.).
DIAGNOSIS
Examination/pap smears/colposcopy/cone biopsies. Many more tests as your doctor advises.
TREATMENT
Treatment depends on the stage, age of the patient, desire to have children, etc. Early cancer can be cured by removing cancer tissue and preserving the uterus so that a woman can have children. Other treatment approaches are Radical Hysterectomy, Pelvic Exenteration, Radiation, etc.
PREVENTION
Gardasil/Cervarix are vaccines that prevent cervical cancer. Studies have shown that they appear to be effective.